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Table of Contents | February 2009

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Hepatitis C virus inhibits NF-κB p65 in an infected liver.

HCV was used to infect mice with chimeric mouse/human livers, and resulted in inflammation and signs of hepatocyte damage in the absence of an adaptive immune system. Further examination found that apoptosis was restricted to infected human liver cells and was due to induction of stress and pro-apoptotic BAX combined with repression of anti-apoptotic NF-κB and BCL-xL. This image shows an HCV-infected liver with decreased levels of NF-κB p65 (green) in HCV-infected (red) cells (see Joyce et al., doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000291).

Image Credit: Michael A. Joyce, University of Alberta.

Opinion

Infectious Diseases of the Nervous System and Their Impact in Developing Countries

Roberto Bruzzone, Monique Dubois-Dalcq, Georges E. Grau, Diane E. Griffin, Krister Kristensson

Research Articles

Export of a Toxoplasma gondii Rhoptry Neck Protein Complex at the Host Cell Membrane to Form the Moving Junction during Invasion

Sébastien Besteiro, Adeline Michelin, Joël Poncet, Jean-François Dubremetz, Maryse Lebrun

Molecular Evolution of a Viral Non-Coding Sequence under the Selective Pressure of amiRNA-Mediated Silencing

Shih-Shun Lin, Hui-Wen Wu, Santiago F. Elena, Kuan-Chun Chen, Qi-Wen Niu, Shyi-Dong Yeh, Chin-Chih Chen, Nam-Hai Chua

Synergistic Reversal of Intrahepatic HCV-Specific CD8 T Cell Exhaustion by Combined PD-1/CTLA-4 Blockade

Nobuhiro Nakamoto, Hyosun Cho, Abraham Shaked, Kim Olthoff, Mary E. Valiga, Mary Kaminski, Emma Gostick, David A. Price, Gordon J. Freeman, E. John Wherry, Kyong-Mi Chang

Extracellular Bacterial Pathogen Induces Host Cell Surface Reorganization to Resist Shear Stress

Guillain Mikaty, Magali Soyer, Emilie Mairey, Nelly Henry, Dave Dyer, Katrina T. Forest, Philippe Morand, Stéphanie Guadagnini, Marie Christine Prévost, Xavier Nassif, Guillaume Duménil

Toll-Like Receptor 3 (TLR3) Plays a Major Role in the Formation of Rabies Virus Negri Bodies

Pauline Ménager, Pascal Roux, Françoise Mégret, Jean-Pierre Bourgeois, Anne-Marie Le Sourd, Anne Danckaert, Mireille Lafage, Christophe Préhaud, Monique Lafon

Interpain A, a Cysteine Proteinase from Prevotella intermedia, Inhibits Complement by Degrading Complement Factor C3

Michal Potempa, Jan Potempa, Tomasz Kantyka, Ky-Anh Nguyen, Katarzyna Wawrzonek, Surya P. Manandhar, Katarzyna Popadiak, Kristian Riesbeck, Sigrun Eick, Anna M. Blom

Formal Correction:

Correction to Affiliation (More...)

Differential Trypanosome Surface Coat Regulation by a CCCH Protein That Co-Associates with procyclin mRNA cis-Elements

Pegine Walrad, Athina Paterou, Alvaro Acosta-Serrano, Keith R. Matthews

Establishment of Human Papillomavirus Infection Requires Cell Cycle Progression

Dohun Pyeon, Shane M. Pearce, Simon M. Lank, Paul Ahlquist, Paul F. Lambert

Nonrandom Distribution of Vector Ticks (Dermacentor variabilis) Infected by Francisella tularensis

Heidi K. Goethert, Sam R. Telford III

Modulation of Neutrophil Function by a Secreted Mucinase of Escherichia coli O157∶H7

Rose L. Szabady, Mary A. Lokuta, Kevin B. Walters, Anna Huttenlocher, Rodney A. Welch

Genetic Variation in OAS1 Is a Risk Factor for Initial Infection with West Nile Virus in Man

Jean K. Lim, Andrea Lisco, David H. McDermott, Linda Huynh, Jerrold M. Ward, Bernard Johnson, Hope Johnson, John Pape, Gregory A. Foster, David Krysztof, Dean Follmann, Susan L. Stramer, Leonid B. Margolis, Philip M. Murphy

The Glutathione Biosynthetic Pathway of Plasmodium Is Essential for Mosquito Transmission

Joel Vega-Rodríguez, Blandine Franke-Fayard, Rhoel R. Dinglasan, Chris J. Janse, Rebecca Pastrana-Mena, Andrew P. Waters, Isabelle Coppens, José F. Rodríguez-Orengo, Marcelo Jacobs-Lorena, Adelfa E. Serrano

Formal Correction:

Correction to Authorship and Author Contributions (More...)

Type 1 Fimbriae, a Colonization Factor of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli, Are Controlled by the Metabolic Sensor CRP-cAMP

Claudia M. Müller, Anna Åberg, Jurate Straseviçiene, Levente Emődy, Bernt Eric Uhlin, Carlos Balsalobre

Differential Ligand Binding to a Human Cytomegalovirus Chemokine Receptor Determines Cell Type–Specific Motility

Jennifer Vomaske, Ryan M. Melnychuk, Patricia P. Smith, Joshua Powell, Laurel Hall, Victor DeFilippis, Klaus Früh, Martine Smit, David D. Schlaepfer, Jay A. Nelson, Daniel N. Streblow

Quantitative Metabolomics Reveals an Epigenetic Blueprint for Iron Acquisition in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

Jeffrey P. Henderson, Jan R. Crowley, Jerome S. Pinkner, Jennifer N. Walker, Pablo Tsukayama, Walter E. Stamm, Thomas M. Hooton, Scott J. Hultgren

Coordinated Regulation of Virulence during Systemic Infection of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium

Hyunjin Yoon, Jason E. McDermott, Steffen Porwollik, Michael McClelland, Fred Heffron

The Plasmodium falciparum STEVOR Multigene Family Mediates Antigenic Variation of the Infected Erythrocyte

Makhtar Niang, Xue Yan Yam, Peter Rainer Preiser

Formal Correction:

Correction to Figure 3 (More...)

A Rapid Crosstalk of Human γδ T Cells and Monocytes Drives the Acute Inflammation in Bacterial Infections

Matthias Eberl, Gareth W. Roberts, Simone Meuter, John D. Williams, Nicholas Topley, Bernhard Moser

Receptor Complementation and Mutagenesis Reveal SR-BI as an Essential HCV Entry Factor and Functionally Imply Its Intra- and Extra-Cellular Domains

Marlène Dreux, Viet Loan Dao Thi, Judith Fresquet, Maryse Guérin, Zélie Julia, Géraldine Verney, David Durantel, Fabien Zoulim, Dimitri Lavillette, François-Loïc Cosset, Birke Bartosch

An Antiviral Response Directed by PKR Phosphorylation of the RNA Helicase A

Anthony J. Sadler, Olivier Latchoumanin, David Hawkes, Johnson Mak, Bryan R. G. Williams

Detailed Analysis of Sequence Changes Occurring during vlsE Antigenic Variation in the Mouse Model of Borrelia burgdorferi Infection

Loïc Coutte, Douglas J. Botkin, Lihui Gao, Steven J. Norris

Critical Loss of the Balance between Th17 and T Regulatory Cell Populations in Pathogenic SIV Infection

David Favre, Sharon Lederer, Bittoo Kanwar, Zhong-Min Ma, Sean Proll, Zeljka Kasakow, Jeff Mold, Louise Swainson, Jason D. Barbour, Carole R. Baskin, Robert Palermo, Ivona Pandrea, Christopher J. Miller, Michael G. Katze, Joseph M. McCune

Transcriptional Profiling in Pathogenic and Non-Pathogenic SIV Infections Reveals Significant Distinctions in Kinetics and Tissue Compartmentalization

Sharon Lederer, David Favre, Kathie-Anne Walters, Sean Proll, Bittoo Kanwar, Zeljka Kasakow, Carole R. Baskin, Robert Palermo, Joseph M. McCune, Michael G. Katze

The Macrophage Scavenger Receptor A Is Host-Protective in Experimental Meningococcal Septicaemia

Annette Plüddemann, J. Claire Hoe, Katherine Makepeace, E. Richard Moxon, Siamon Gordon

Myd88 Is Required for an Antibody Response to Retroviral Infection

Edward P. Browne, Dan R. Littman

Dengue Virus Type 2 Infections of Aedes aegypti Are Modulated by the Mosquito's RNA Interference Pathway

Irma Sánchez-Vargas, Jaclyn C. Scott, B. Katherine Poole-Smith, Alexander W. E. Franz, Valérie Barbosa-Solomieu, Jeffrey Wilusz, Ken E. Olson, Carol D. Blair

Species-Specific Activity of HIV-1 Vpu and Positive Selection of Tetherin Transmembrane Domain Variants

Matthew W. McNatt, Trinity Zang, Theodora Hatziioannou, Mackenzie Bartlett, Ismael Ben Fofana, Welkin E. Johnson, Stuart J. D. Neil, Paul D. Bieniasz

Arabidopsis CaM Binding Protein CBP60g Contributes to MAMP-Induced SA Accumulation and Is Involved in Disease Resistance against Pseudomonas syringae

Lin Wang, Kenichi Tsuda, Masanao Sato, Jerry D. Cohen, Fumiaki Katagiri, Jane Glazebrook

An RIG-I-Like RNA Helicase Mediates Antiviral RNAi Downstream of Viral siRNA Biogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans

Rui Lu, Erbay Yigit, Wan-Xiang Li, Shou-Wei Ding

Rift Valley Fever Virus NSs Protein Promotes Post-Transcriptional Downregulation of Protein Kinase PKR and Inhibits eIF2α Phosphorylation

Tetsuro Ikegami, Krishna Narayanan, Sungyong Won, Wataru Kamitani, C. J. Peters, Shinji Makino

Disruption of the Toxoplasma gondii Parasitophorous Vacuole by IFNγ-Inducible Immunity-Related GTPases (IRG Proteins) Triggers Necrotic Cell Death

Yang O. Zhao, Aliaksandr Khaminets, Julia P. Hunn, Jonathan C. Howard

Phthiocerol Dimycocerosates of M. tuberculosis Participate in Macrophage Invasion by Inducing Changes in the Organization of Plasma Membrane Lipids

Catherine Astarie-Dequeker, Laurent Le Guyader, Wladimir Malaga, Fam-Ky Seaphanh, Christian Chalut, André Lopez, Christophe Guilhot

Pep1, a Secreted Effector Protein of Ustilago maydis, Is Required for Successful Invasion of Plant Cells

Gunther Doehlemann, Karina van der Linde, Daniela Aßmann, Daniela Schwammbach, Alexander Hof, Amitabh Mohanty, David Jackson, Regine Kahmann

HCV Induces Oxidative and ER Stress, and Sensitizes Infected Cells to Apoptosis in SCID/Alb-uPA Mice

Michael A. Joyce, Kathie-Anne Walters, Sue-Ellen Lamb, Mathew M. Yeh, Lin-Fu Zhu, Norman Kneteman, Jason S. Doyle, Michael G. Katze, D. Lorne Tyrrell

Differences in APOBEC3G Expression in CD4+ T Helper Lymphocyte Subtypes Modulate HIV-1 Infectivity

Michael L. Vetter, Megan E. Johnson, Amanda K. Antons, Derya Unutmaz, Richard T. D'Aquila

The Protein Kinase Tor1 Regulates Adhesin Gene Expression in Candida albicans

Robert J. Bastidas, Joseph Heitman, Maria E. Cardenas

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